• p97 More recently it was discovered that BChE hydrolyzes the

  2019-07-18

  

  More recently, it was discovered that BChE hydrolyzes the neuropeptide gut hormone, ghrelin [25], [26], [27], [28]. Nonetheless, because the enzyme reaction is very slow, those who first reported this finding were initially reluctant to attribute a real physiological role for that phenomenon. Our ow

• In general cellular senescence is considered

  2019-07-18

  

  In general, cellular senescence is considered a programmed response to stress that can be activated by oxidative stress, irradiation or action of substances or drugs. These stressors cause DNA damage and, through the action of specific proteins (p53 and p21), lead to cell senescence (di Fagagna, 200

• Although PD is traditionally viewed as a

  2019-07-18

  

  Although PD is traditionally viewed as a motor disorder, evidence from numerous epidemiologic (Shiba et al., 2000) as well as case–control studies (Richard, 2005) suggest the occurrence of non-motor symptoms including hyposmia/anosmia, gastrointestinal disturbances, sleep abnormalities, autonomic dy

• Estrogen receptors ERs belong to the third

  2019-07-17

  

  Estrogen receptors (ERs) belong to the third class of nuclear receptors (NR3) [23]. Two different forms of ER have been described, ERα and ERβ. They are coded by two distinct genes (ESR1 and ESR2, respectively) containing 8 transcribed exons that give rise to six conserved protein domains: domains A

• In normal chow fed mice EP deficiency

  2019-07-17

  

  In normal chow fed mice, EP4 deficiency also decreased the expression of CYP8B1, the downstream target of CYP7A1. Similarly, knockdown of EP4 with small interfering RNA reduced the expression of CYP8B1 in HepG2 cells. Therefore, it was anticipated that there would be an increased expression of CYP8B

• The eNOS bp VNTR polymorphism has been found to

  2019-07-17

  

  The eNOS 27-bp VNTR polymorphism has been found to be associated with altered plasma NO levels. This polymorphism also has been associated with many vascular diseases including hypertension, diabetic retinopathy, and diabetic nephropathy in various populations. Notably, our results were different fr

• These studies established IAP proteins

  2019-07-17

  

  These studies established IAP proteins as dimeric RING E3 ligases, but did not account for the essential role of dimerization. In IAPs and related E3s, such as RNF4 and MDM2, dimerization not only depends on contacts from the core RING domain but also residues N- and C-terminal to the RING domain (B

• The three dimensional crystal structure of Ca loaded CaM

  2019-07-17

  

  The three-dimensional crystal structure of Ca2+ loaded CaM reveals a dumbbell-shaped molecule with two roughly globular lobes, the N- and C-terminal lobes linked by a long solvent-exposed helix, which has been shown by NMR to be non-helical in its central part and flexible in solution [13]. Each glo

• br Conflict of interest br

  2019-07-17

  

  Conflict of interest Acknowledgments We thank Jianru Zuo (Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China) for providing fbr11-1 seeds. We are grateful to Carol MacKintosh and the DSTT at the University of Dundee (UK) for anti-RD21 antibodies. This

• We propose two hypotheses to interpret our findings The

  2019-07-17

  

  We propose two hypotheses to interpret our findings. The first, ELR (+) CXC chemokines stimulate both CXCR-1 and CXCR-2 chemokine receptor while activating neutrophils; however CXCR-1 chemokine receptor seems to play more active role in the process of neutrophil migration as shown in previous studie

• br Material and methods br Results Diagrammatic

  2019-07-17

  

  Material and methods Results Diagrammatic representations showing the bilateral injection sites in the BNST of all animals used in the present study are presented in Fig. 1. Discussion The present results provide the first evidence that both CRF1 and CRF2 receptors in the BSNT are involved

• Magnified regions of the upregulated proteins identified

  2019-07-17

  

  Magnified regions of the upregulated proteins identified by MALDI-TOF are shown in Fig. 2. The identified proteins were phosphoglycerate kinase, fructose-bisphosphate aldolase class II, alcohol dehydrogenase, phosphoglyceromutase, 6-phosphogluconolactonase, malate dehydrogenase, alkyl hydroperoxide

• The binding of collagen X to DDR differs from the

  2019-07-16

  

  The binding of collagen X to DDR2 differs from the binding of collagen X to α2β1 integrin in that the triple helical conformation is essential for DDR2 binding. We previously reported that heat denatured pepsinised collagen X supported cell adhesion via α2β1, indicating that the triple-helical confo

• We show that direct contact with MSCs is

  2019-07-16

  

  We show that direct contact with MSCs is necessary and sufficient to induce DDR2 upregulation in breast cancer cells. DDR2 expression in MSC is required for collagen deposition and leads to increased DDR2 expression and activation in breast cancer cells. This paracrine-autocrine MSC-cancer cell axis

• A range of therapies exists for the

  2019-07-16

  

  A range of therapies exists for the treatment of inflammation-driven diseases, which can be summarized as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), corticoids and steroidal-related drugs (Ward et al., 2008). Despite of these notable successes, there are still major unmet medical needs in the

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